Jefferson Davis
Jefferson Finis Davis was an American soldier and statesman, and was the President of the Confederate States of America during the entire Civil War, 1861 to 1865. He took personal charge of the Confederate war plans but was unable to find a strategy to defeat the larger, more powerful and better organized Union. His diplomatic efforts failed to gain recognition from any foreign country. At home he paid little attention to the collapsing Confederate economy; the government printed more and more paper money to cover the war's expenses, leading to runaway inflation. More
Davis was born in Kentucky and grew up on plantations in Mississippi and Louisiana. He graduated from the U.S. Military Academy at West Point and fought in the Mexican–American War as the colonel of a volunteer regiment. He served as the United States Secretary of War under Democratic President Franklin Pierce, and as a Democratic U.S. senator from Mississippi. His plantation in Mississippi depended on slave labor, like many Southern plantations. As a senator, he argued against secession, but did agree that each state was sovereign and had an unquestionable right to secede from the Union. Davis lost his first wife to malaria after three months of marriage, and the disease almost killed him as well. He had six children with his second wife, but only two survived him. He suffered from ill health for much of his life.
Jefferson Davis timeline
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Jefferson Davis is Born
Davis was the youngest of the ten children of Samuel Emory Davis (Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania, 1756 – July 4, 1824) and wife... Read more
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The Davis Family Settles in Wilkinson County in southwestern Mississippi
During Davis' youth, the family moved twice; in 1811 to St. Mary Parish, Louisiana, and in 1812 to Wilkinson County, Mississippi near the town of... Read more
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Davis Attends Wilkinson County Academy
DAVIS, Jefferson, (son-in-law of President Zachary Taylor), a Representative and a Senator from Mississippi; born in what is now Fairview, Todd... Read more
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Davis Enters the Catholic School of Saint Thomas at St. Rose Priory
One thing Samuel preached to his children was “knowledge is power.” Perhaps as the result in the break in his own education, Samuel stressed the... Read more
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Davis Attends Jefferson College in Mississippi
Jefferson Davis was born in Christian County, Kentucky on June 3, 1808. He was the youngest of ten children. In 1818, Davis attended Jefferson... Read more
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Davis Attends Transylvania University
Davis went on to Jefferson College at Washington, Mississippi, in 1818, and to Transylvania University at Lexington, Kentucky, in 1821. In 1824,... Read more
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Davis Secures an Appointment to West Point
Jefferson Davis attended West Point along with notable US Military Academy members of his Class and others Classes who would later play a major... Read more
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Davis Commissioned as Second Lieutenant of the U.S. Army
As of the publication of Davis' appointment as second lieutenant of Dragoons on May 4, 1833, the "F." had disappeared from official documents as... Read more
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Davis Takes First Assignment on the Banks of the Red Cedar River
Davis was assigned to the 1st Infantry Regiment and was stationed at Fort Crawford, Wisconsin. His first assignment, in 1829, was to supervise the... Read more
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Davis Contracts Pneumonia
After graduating from West Point in 1828, Jefferson Davis, future president of the Confederacy, was assigned to the 1st Infantry and stationed at... Read more
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Davis Sent to Deliver Black Hawk to Prison
The year after, Davis was dispatched to Galena, Illinois, at the head of a detachment assigned to remove miners from lands claimed by the Native... Read more
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Davis Marries Sarah Knox Taylor
Sarah Knox Taylor, the daughter of future president Zachary Taylor and Margaret Mackall Smith Taylor, was born at Fort Knox in Vincennes, Indiana,... Read more
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Davis Marries Varina Howell
The year 1844 saw Davis' first political success, as he was elected to the United States House of Representatives, taking office on March 4 of the... Read more
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Davis Resigns House Seat and Leads the Mississippi Rifles
The year 1846 saw the beginning of the Mexican-American War. He resigned his House seat in June, and raised a volunteer regiment, the Mississippi... Read more
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Jefferson Davis Appointed to U.S. Senate
Because of his war service, the governor of Mississippi appointed Davis to fill out the Senate term of the late Jesse Speight. He took his seat... Read more
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Franklin Pierce Appoints Jefferson Davis as Secretary of War
Pierce won the election and, in 1853, made Davis his Secretary of War. In this capacity, Davis gave to Congress four annual reports (in December of... Read more
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Kansas-Nebraska Act Debated in the House of Representatives
The bill next moved to the House of Representatives. On March 21, 1854, as a delaying tactic, the legislation was referred by a vote of 110 to 95... Read more
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Davis Delivers Last Speech before the U.S. Senate
His renewed service in the Senate was interrupted by an illness that threatened him with the loss of his left eye. Still nominally serving in the... Read more
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Montgomery Convention
Four days after his resignation, Davis was commissioned a Major General of Mississippi troops. On February 9, 1861, a Constitutional convention at... Read more
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Jefferson Davis Becomes First President of the Confederate States of America at Confederate Constitutional Convention in Montgomery, Alabama
Four days after his resignation, Davis was commissioned a Major General of Mississippi troops. On February 9, 1861, a Constitutional convention at... Read more
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Congress Ratifies Confederate Constitution
The states that left the American Union in 1860 and 1861 brought with them a rich tradition of constitutionalism. Many Southern Leaders explained... Read more
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Davis and Family Take Residence at the White House of the Confederacy
In conformity with a resolution of the Confederate Congress, Davis immediately appointed a Peace Commission to resolve the Confederacy's... Read more
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Rose O'Neale Greenhow Passes Secret Messages for Confederacy
Espionage during the Civil War The Greenhows had eight children: First came Florence, Gertrude and Leila. Then came four children who would... Read more
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Jefferson Davis Elected President of the Confederate States of America
On November 6, 1861, Jefferson Davis, who had been elected president of the Provisional Government on February 9, 1861—as a compromise between... Read more
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Davis Appoints General Robert E. Lee in Command of the Army of Northern Virginia
Robert E. Lee felt that his loyalty belonged more to the state than the Union. He declined an offer the lead a union army, and joined up with the... Read more